快速开始¶
安装部署¶
从Oracle网站下载Vdbench (5.04.07)安装包（压缩包，zip格式），进行解压，解压后的目录长这样：
# 测试环境OS：CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)
[root@node1 ~]# unzip vdbench50407.zip -d vdbench50407
[root@node1 ~]# cd vdbench50407
[root@node1 vdbench50407]# ls -alh
total 2.6M
drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 4.0K Apr 9 10:11 .
dr-xr-x---. 17 root root 4.0K Apr 9 10:09 ..
drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 24 Jun 5 2018 aix
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 1.2K Aug 7 2012 build_sds.txt
drwxrwxrwx 6 root root 75 Jun 5 2018 classes
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 429 Jun 14 2013 example1
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 500 Jun 14 2013 example2
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 671 Jun 14 2013 example3
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 698 Jun 14 2013 example4
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 574 Jun 14 2013 example5
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 498 Jun 14 2013 example6
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 1.5K Jun 14 2013 example7
drwxrwxrwx 4 root root 71 Aug 7 2012 examples
drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 24 Jun 5 2018 hp
drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 77 Jun 5 2018 linux
drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 24 Jun 5 2018 mac
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 1.6K Jun 5 2018 readme.txt
drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 59 Jun 5 2018 solaris
drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 63 Jun 5 2018 solx86
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 473 Oct 19 2013 swatcharts.txt
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 1.3K Jul 15 2016 vdbench
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 1.2K Jun 5 2018 vdbench.bat
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 982K Jun 5 2018 vdbench.jar
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 1.6M Jun 5 2018 vdbench.pdf
drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 48 Jun 5 2018 windows
由于它使用 Java 语言开发，所以还需要准备 Java 环境。官方 readme.txt 标注的最低要求是 1.7.0，实际使用中建议至少准备 1.8。
[root@node1 vdbench50407]# java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_292"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_292-b10)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.292-b10, mixed mode)
执行测试命令验证Vdbench所需环境是否装好：
# linux
# 测试裸I/O工作负载
[root@node1 vdbench50407]# ./vdbench -t
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Vdbench distribution: vdbench50407 Tue June 05 9:49:29 MDT 2018
For documentation, see 'vdbench.pdf'.
...
10:14:35.871 Vdbench execution completed successfully. Output directory: /root/vdbench50407/output
# 测试文件系统工作负载
[root@node1 vdbench50407]# ./vdbench -tf
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Vdbench distribution: vdbench50407 Tue June 05 9:49:29 MDT 2018
For documentation, see 'vdbench.pdf'.
...
10:15:43.257 Vdbench execution completed successfully. Output directory: /root/vdbench50407/output
# windows
C:\Users\sine\Desktop\vdbench50407>vdbench.bat -t
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Vdbench distribution: vdbench50407 Tue June 05 9:49:29 MDT 2018
For documentation, see 'vdbench.pdf'.
...
09:57:21.315 Vdbench execution completed successfully. Output directory: C:\Users\sine\Desktop\vdbench50407\output
# 或者执行
C:\Users\sine\Desktop\vdbench50407>vdbench.bat -tf
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Vdbench distribution: vdbench50407 Tue June 05 9:49:29 MDT 2018
For documentation, see 'vdbench.pdf'.
...
09:58:48.564 Vdbench execution completed successfully. Output directory: C:\Users\sine\Desktop\vdbench50407\output
通过结果关键字Vdbench execution completed successfully，我们可以知道Vdbench的可执行环境没问题，可以开展后续测试工作了。
注：后续测试依赖环境的OS均为：CentOS7.9
开展测试¶
常用命令格式如下：
# Unix:
/home/vdbench/vdbench -f parmfile -o res+
# Windows:
c:\vdbench\vdbench.bat -f parmfile -o res+
命令里的
-f和-o都是可执行参数，想知道可执行参数的更多细节，请参考命令行参数详解除了可执行参数，还有非常重要的事项 --- 编写测试脚本或者叫参数配置文件（
parmfile），想知道参数配置文件有哪些参数，该怎么用，请参考参数文件详解如果你已经想自己写第一份脚本，也可以直接对照脚本模板改。
Vdbench主要依靠参数配置文件（-f参数后面接的文件）来执行任务，编写参数配置文件对于新手极度不友好。还好Vdbench提供了很多样例，经过样例学习和分析，我们可以快速开展我们自己的测试工作。样例位于Vdbench安装目录下：
[root@node1 vdbench50407]# ls -alhR example*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 429 Jun 14 2013 example1
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 500 Jun 14 2013 example2
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 671 Jun 14 2013 example3
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 698 Jun 14 2013 example4
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 574 Jun 14 2013 example5
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 498 Jun 14 2013 example6
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 1.5K Jun 14 2013 example7
examples:
total 28K
drwxrwxrwx 4 root root 71 Aug 7 2012 .
drwxr-xr-x 13 root root 4.0K May 7 09:11 ..
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 15K Jun 14 2013 errorlog.html
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 167 Aug 7 2012 filesys
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Aug 7 2012 raw
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1.4K Jun 14 2013 readme.txt
examples/filesys:
total 36K
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 167 Aug 7 2012 .
drwxrwxrwx 4 root root 71 Aug 7 2012 ..
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 449 Jun 14 2013 create_files
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1.1K Jun 14 2013 delete_files
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 896 Jun 14 2013 multi_host
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 891 Jun 14 2013 random_read
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1010 Jun 14 2013 random_rw
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 899 Jun 14 2013 random_write
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 832 Jun 14 2013 seq_read
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 951 Jun 14 2013 seq_rw
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 835 Jun 14 2013 seq_write
examples/raw:
total 84K
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Aug 7 2012 .
drwxrwxrwx 4 root root 71 Aug 7 2012 ..
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1.7K Jun 14 2013 multi_host
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 270 Jun 14 2013 random_read
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 290 Jun 14 2013 random_read_curve
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 323 Jun 14 2013 random_read_xfersizes
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 275 Jun 14 2013 random_rw
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 295 Jun 14 2013 random_rw_curve
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 328 Jun 14 2013 random_rw_xfersizes
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 269 Jun 14 2013 random_write
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 289 Jun 14 2013 random_write_curve
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 322 Jun 14 2013 random_write_xfersizes
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 271 Jun 14 2013 seq_read
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 291 Jun 14 2013 seq_read_curve
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 324 Jun 14 2013 seq_read_xfersizes
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 540 Jun 14 2013 seq_rw
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 296 Jun 14 2013 seq_rw_curve
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 329 Jun 14 2013 seq_rw_xfersizes
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 270 Jun 14 2013 seq_write
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 290 Jun 14 2013 seq_write_curve
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 323 Jun 14 2013 seq_write_xfersizes
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 842 Jun 14 2013 tpcc
Warning
建议把example1~7多看几遍，多执行几遍。注意：执行过程中不要把自己重要数据给删除了，因为会有写操作。
从前文知道Vdbench可以测试块存储和文件系统的性能，那咱分别找一个对应的样例来进行分析。
- 块存储
# example1
[root@node1 vdbench50407]# cat example1
*
* Copyright (c) 2000, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
*
*
* Author: Henk Vandenbergh.
*
*Example 1: Single run, one raw disk
*SD: Storage Definition
*WD: Workload Definition
*RD: Run Definition
*
sd=sd1,lun=/dev/rdsk/c0t0d0sx
wd=wd1,sd=sd1,xfersize=4096,rdpct=100
rd=run1,wd=wd1,iorate=100,elapsed=10,interval=1
*Single raw disk, 100% random read of 4k records at i/o rate of 100 for 10 seconds
我们来分析一下这个文件：
| 分析结果： | |
|---|---|
*开头的，是注释 |
其他符号可以当注释吗？ |
参数配置文件最少应该由sd、wd、rd组成 |
还有别的吗？有顺序要求吗？ |
| 这个脚本是针对一个块设备进行的测试，100%的随机读，每次I/O的数据大小是4K，I/O的速率是100，总共执行10秒钟 | |
sd=、wd=、rd=看赋值这么随意，应该是各自的名字 |
|
lun=是/dev开头的，看样子是块设备的名字，那么被测的块设备就是它了 |
我们将lun=修改一下，执行这个脚本
[root@node1 vdbench50407]# cp example1 testraw01
# vim testraw01
# 修改lun为非系统盘的其他盘符
[root@node1 vdbench50407]# cat testraw01
*
* Copyright (c) 2000, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
*
*
* Author: Henk Vandenbergh.
*
*Example 1: Single run, one raw disk
*SD: Storage Definition
*WD: Workload Definition
*RD: Run Definition
*
sd=sd1,lun=/dev/sda,openflags=o_direct
wd=wd1,sd=sd1,xfersize=4096,rdpct=100
rd=run1,wd=wd1,iorate=100,elapsed=10,interval=1
*Single raw disk, 100% random read of 4k records at i/o rate of 100 for 10 seconds
# 第21行，lun我修改成了/dev/sda，并添加了openflags参数
Warning
注意不要用系统盘，用一个没用的盘开展测试。
Vdbench程序里定义lun是/dev开头的时候，需要在配置文件中添加openflags=o_direct参数，所以我也添加上了。
执行测试（结果我省略了一部分）：
[root@node1 vdbench50407]# ./vdbench -f testraw01 -o res+
...
18:03:08.003 Starting RD=run1; I/O rate: 100; elapsed=10; For loops: None
...
18:03:18.769 Vdbench execution completed successfully. Output directory: /root/vdbench50407/res001
找到报告目录res001，即可查看报告。
[root@node1 res001]# ls -alh
total 128K
drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 4.0K May 8 18:03 .
drwxr-xr-x. 44 root root 4.0K May 8 18:03 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 178 May 8 18:03 config.html
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 212 May 8 18:03 errorlog.html
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4.5K May 8 18:03 flatfile.html
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 2.7K May 8 18:03 histogram.html
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 2.1K May 8 18:03 localhost-0.html
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 3.4K May 8 18:03 localhost-0.stdout.html
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 2.2K May 8 18:03 localhost.html
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 40K May 8 18:03 localhost.var_adm_msgs.html
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4.5K May 8 18:03 logfile.html
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 549 May 8 18:03 parmfile.html
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 1.2K May 8 18:03 parmscan.html
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 2.7K May 8 18:03 sd1.histogram.html
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 2.1K May 8 18:03 sd1.html
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 1.1K May 8 18:03 skew.html
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 1.1K May 8 18:03 status.html
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 3.0K May 8 18:03 summary.html
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 191 May 8 18:03 swat_mon_total.txt
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 1.4K May 8 18:03 swat_mon.txt
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 658 May 8 18:03 totals.html
Info
各个报告详解，请看结果分析。
- 文件系统
# example7
[root@node1 vdbench50407]# cat example7
*
* Copyright (c) 2000, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
*
*
* Author: Henk Vandenbergh.
*
*Example 7: File system testing
fsd=fsd1,anchor=/dir1,depth=2,width=2,files=2,size=128k
fwd=fwd1,fsd=fsd1,operation=read,xfersize=4k,fileio=sequential,fileselect=random,threads=2
rd=rd1,fwd=fwd1,fwdrate=100,format=yes,elapsed=10,interval=1
*
* This parameter file will use a directory structure of 4 directories and 8 files
* The RD parameter 'format=yes' causes the directory structure to be completely
* created, including initialization of all files to the requested size of 128k.
* After the format completes the following will happen for 10 seconds at a rate
* of 100 reads per second:
* Start two threads (threads=2; 1 thread is default).
* Each thread:
* Randomly selects a file (fileselect=random)
* Opens this file for read (operation=read)
* Sequentially reads 4k blocks (xfersize=4k) until end of file (size=128k)
* Closes the file and randomly selects another file.
*
*
* Directory structure:
*
* find dir1 | grep file
* dir1/vdb_control.file
* dir1/vdb1_1.dir/vdb2_1.dir/vdb_f0001.file
* dir1/vdb1_1.dir/vdb2_1.dir/vdb_f0002.file
* dir1/vdb1_1.dir/vdb2_2.dir/vdb_f0001.file
* dir1/vdb1_1.dir/vdb2_2.dir/vdb_f0002.file
* dir1/vdb1_2.dir/vdb2_1.dir/vdb_f0001.file
* dir1/vdb1_2.dir/vdb2_1.dir/vdb_f0002.file
* dir1/vdb1_2.dir/vdb2_2.dir/vdb_f0001.file
* dir1/vdb1_2.dir/vdb2_2.dir/vdb_f0002.file
*
继续分析一下这个文件：
| 分析结果： | |
|---|---|
*开头的是注释，跟块设备的脚本一样，这是通用的 |
|
参数配置文件最少应该由fsd、fwd、rd组成 |
还有别的吗？有顺序要求吗？ |
fsd参数：anchor=/dir1，锚点目录是/dir1，那这个应该就是被测目录了 |
如果被测目录不存在会自动创建吗？ |
fsd参数：depth=2,width=2,files=2,size=128k，目录深度是2，宽度是2，每个目录里有2个文件，每个文件大小是128KB |
一共生成多少个文件呢？ |
fwd参数：operation=read,xfersize=4k，读操作，每个I/O数据大小是4K |
|
fwd参数：fileio=sequential,fileselect=random,threads=2，读文件是顺序读，文件选择是随机的，线程数是2 |
|
rd参数：fwdrate=100,format=yes,elapsed=10,interval=1，速率是100，需要格式化文件，执行时间是10秒，报告间隔是1秒 |
|
看注释中文件结构，会生成4个目录，每个目录里2个文件 |
我们将anchor修改成本地的路径，进行测试一下
[root@node1 vdbench50407]# cat testfile01
*
* Copyright (c) 2000, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
*
*
* Author: Henk Vandenbergh.
*
*Example 7: File system testing
fsd=fsd1,anchor=/mnt/nfs1/2024001,depth=2,width=2,files=2,size=128k
fwd=fwd1,fsd=fsd1,operation=read,xfersize=4k,fileio=sequential,fileselect=random,threads=2
rd=rd1,fwd=fwd1,fwdrate=100,format=yes,elapsed=10,interval=1
*
* This parameter file will use a directory structure of 4 directories and 8 files
* The RD parameter 'format=yes' causes the directory structure to be completely
* created, including initialization of all files to the requested size of 128k.
* After the format completes the following will happen for 10 seconds at a rate
* of 100 reads per second:
* Start two threads (threads=2; 1 thread is default).
* Each thread:
* Randomly selects a file (fileselect=random)
* Opens this file for read (operation=read)
* Sequentially reads 4k blocks (xfersize=4k) until end of file (size=128k)
* Closes the file and randomly selects another file.
*
*
* Directory structure:
*
* find dir1 | grep file
* dir1/vdb_control.file
* dir1/vdb1_1.dir/vdb2_1.dir/vdb_f0001.file
* dir1/vdb1_1.dir/vdb2_1.dir/vdb_f0002.file
* dir1/vdb1_1.dir/vdb2_2.dir/vdb_f0001.file
* dir1/vdb1_1.dir/vdb2_2.dir/vdb_f0002.file
* dir1/vdb1_2.dir/vdb2_1.dir/vdb_f0001.file
* dir1/vdb1_2.dir/vdb2_1.dir/vdb_f0002.file
* dir1/vdb1_2.dir/vdb2_2.dir/vdb_f0001.file
* dir1/vdb1_2.dir/vdb2_2.dir/vdb_f0002.file
*
# 第15行，我将anchor修改成了本地路径，/mnt/nfs1/存在，2024001不存在
# 部分结果被省略
[root@node1 vdbench50407]# ./vdbench -f testfile01 -o res+
...
10:27:15.593 localhost-0: Created anchor directory: /mnt/nfs1/2024001
10:27:17.003 Starting RD=format_for_rd1
10:27:17.084 localhost-0: anchor=/mnt/nfs1/2024001 mkdir complete.
10:27:17.117 localhost-0: anchor=/mnt/nfs1/2024001 create complete.
...
10:27:18.285 Miscellaneous statistics:
10:27:18.285 (These statistics do not include activity between the last reported interval and shutdown.)
10:27:18.286 FILE_CREATES Files created: 8 8/sec
10:27:18.286 DIRECTORY_CREATES Directories created: 6 6/sec
10:27:18.286 WRITE_OPENS Files opened for write activity: 8 8/sec
10:27:18.287 DIR_BUSY_MKDIR Directory busy (mkdir): 4 4/sec
10:27:18.287 DIR_EXISTS Directory may not exist (yet): 4 4/sec
10:27:18.287 FILE_CLOSES Close requests: 8 8/sec
10:27:18.287
10:27:19.001 Starting RD=rd1; elapsed=10; fwdrate=100; For loops: None
...
10:27:29.256 Miscellaneous statistics:
10:27:29.256 (These statistics do not include activity between the last reported interval and shutdown.)
10:27:29.257 READ_OPENS Files opened for read activity: 30 3/sec
10:27:29.257 FILE_BUSY File busy: 3 0/sec
10:27:29.257 FILE_CLOSES Close requests: 28 2/sec
10:27:29.257
10:27:29.836 Vdbench execution completed successfully. Output directory: /root/vdbench50407/res002
# 第5行，先开始格式化，相当于预埋数据 --- 创建目录，生成文件
# 第18行，开始测试
# 第26行，执行成功，结果位于res002
Info
各个报告详解，请看结果分析。
下一步¶
如果你已经能跑通 example1 或 example7，推荐按这个顺序继续：